WFP EMERGENCY REPORT
Issued weekly by the United Nations World Food Programme
A. DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
1. UPDATE
1.1 Drought situation - report of the FAO/WFP crop and food supply
mission
a) FAO and WFP on 11 September issued a Special Alert (No. 277)
following a joint crop and food supply assessment mission to DPR Korea.
The mission was fielded to assess the effects of this summer's prolonged
drought. However, as the mission was in the country, Typhoon Winnie
struck. The mission was requested to make a preliminary assessment of
this damage as well.
b) The agricultural season started favourably with well above normal
rainfall in May. However, a serious drought followed, extending from
June to mid-August. During this period, precipitation was reduced to
between 14 and 40 percent of normal levels. Moreover, it appeared that
after the heavy rainfall in May, the water level in some rain-fed
reservoirs was deliberately reduced for fear that continued rain in June
and July would cause overflowing and thus flooding, as in the previous
two years.
c) In all reservoirs seen by the mission, the water supplies had been
either totally exhausted or were well below capacity. Adequate and
sustained rainfall in September would come too late to have but a
limited effect on the maize production although it would still save a
major part of the paddy crop. If the reservoirs are not replenished,
land preparation and planting of the 1998 crops in April/May will be
compromised by water shortage.
d) The negative effects of the lack of water were quite obvious, the
mission reported. While maize with adequate irrigation, generally from
major rivers, was in good shape, crops under rainfed, non-irrigated
conditions were highly stunted and had developed poor grains or none at
all.
e) By the time of the mission the rice crop needed a further five to
six weeks to reach maturity. Should the crop receive assured irrigation
for at least another three weeks, production could still be adequate,
but absence of water at this critical stage would result in a serious
reduction in yields.
f) Reports received since the end of the mission indicate that rainfall
in the first half of September has been limited, and irregular. Domestic
production this year will, therefore, depend heavily on areas which are
irrigated from main rivers rather than from rainfed reservoirs.
1.2 Typhoon Winnie
a) To aggravate an already serious situation, Typhoon Winnie,
originating in the East China Sea, hit DPR Korea between 18 and 22
August. Although the typhoon in the initial stage brought much needed
rainfall, high winds and tides destroyed protective sea dikes along the
western coast.
b) The most serious effect on agriculture was the infiltration of sea
water into paddy areas. In the most serious cases observed by the
mission, sea water had penetrated as far as six kilometres inland. A
large number of houses were destroyed with some loss of lives reported.
c) As an immediate response, WFP and a consortium of American
non-governmental organizations have agreed to use a US special
contribution to support a food-for-work project for the repair of 288
kilometres of dikes. Work was initiated within a few days of the
disaster.
1.3 Food security outlook
a) The food prospects for 1998 appear to be worse than in the previous
two years. Domestic production of cereals is expected to cover less than
half of the country's food needs. Commercial imports are likely to
remain strained. Furthermore, as commercial imports last year were
highly dependent on barter trade with China, the fact that the current
drought also seriously affected crop production in the neighbouring
Chinese province might reduce surpluses and the volume of the
cross-border trade in 1998. It would thus seem that DPR Korea will
depend on an even greater scale on international food aid next year.
b) Another joint FAO/WFP mission has been scheduled for October, when
it will be possible to estimate more accurately the 1997 production
outcome. The results will form the basis for a decision on continuing
WFP assistance throughout 1998.
1.4 The Special Report will be available in full in the near future on
the Internet at the Web site of the FAO Global Information and Early
Warning System on Food and Agriculture, at
http://www.fao.org/giews/giewse.htm - then click on Special Reports.